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February 17, 2002

Hyperglycemia and DKA

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Question from Chicago, Illinois, USA:

I haven’t really been testing my blood sugars for a while since I couldn’t afford insurance or the testing strips. I now can, and I realize that I must go and see a doctor.

My ketones are very high and while I have been adjusting my insulin, I would like to lessen the bloated and lethargic feeling I have now. Until I can see a doctor, what are some things I can do to lower, or process out some of the ketones (such as drinking more fluids)?

Answer:

From: DTeam Staff

There may be some problems here. If you have type 1 diabetes, you are prone to DKA [diabetic ketoacidosis]. Elevated ketones may predict that you are increased risk of developing it.

At some point, medical therapy may be necessary to avoid this. I would say if ketones are always at moderate or high, you may have to see a physician to receive fluids and insulin therapy. It is true that volume, whether given as IV fluid or oral fluid, will bring ketones down if you are volume depleted. However, the only other treatment is adequate insulin therapy. We instruct our patients to routinely check urine ketones when sugars stay above 250 mg/dl [13.9 mmol/L]. That way, they can intervene with more insulin and fluids in order to avoid DKA.

JTL