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July 29, 2019

Diagnosis and Symptoms, Other

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Question from New York, USA:

Could you please explain to me exactly what each auto-antibody actually means? For example: ICA, IA-2, GAD-65, Zinc, and others, if there are any more.

Answer:

From: George Grunberger, MD, FACP, MACE

These are some auto-antibodies which are used to diagnose type 1 diabetes; they are either parts of the beta cell (i.e., insulin-producing cell; ICA=islet cell antibody, GAD-65=glutamic acid decarboxylase; IA2=islet tyrosine phosphatase) or its product (zinc transporter 8).

Editor's Comments:

From the editor: you may wish to read Humoral Autoimmunity in Type 1 Diabetes: Prediction, Significance, and Detection of Distinct Disease for additional information.